Article III of the 1794 Jay Treaty guaranteed Indigenous peoples free passage across the U.S.–Canada border. Congress later wrote that right into modern immigration law. Here is what it actually covers, what documentation it requires, and where reform efforts stand today.

Family land passed down without a will becomes "heirs' property" — jointly owned by every descendant and vulnerable to forced sale. Here is how that risk actually works, and the court-tested tools that protect it.

For Black and indigenous farming families, a land patent is the essential first document for reclaiming and securing ancestral land — but only when paired with real legal protections, not the discredited theory that it exempts land from foreclosure and county jurisdiction.

Many descendants of aboriginal North Americans are heirs to federal land patents they don't know exist. FIP's Land Patent Location service conducts systematic research to find, document, and assess your ancestral land claims.

Millions of descendants of aboriginal North Americans are heirs to land patents they don't even know exist. This article explains what land patents are, why so many of us hold rights to them, and the first questions to ask if you suspect you have ancestral land waiting to be reclaimed.